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Bulletin No. 16 - Fall 2003
Fourth International Symposium on Emerging and Re-emerging Pig diseasesSwine Influenza
VAN REETH K, LABARQUE G, PENSAERT M
The establishment of an H1N2 influenza virus in the European swine population and its impact on prevention and control.
Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Emerging and Re-emerging Pig Diseases, 2003, 250-253
Experimental challenges show that, even if influenza viral strains have been drifting since vaccines were designed, the available swine influenza vaccines provide a complete clinical protection against the current H1N1 and H3N2 viruses. Consequently, no updating of H1N1 or H3N2 vaccine strains is needed. On the contrary, commercial vaccines should be supplemented with an H1N2 component, if nonetheless the prevalence and clinical importance of H1N2 infections justify it, since H1N1/H3N2 vaccines do not prevent H1N2 virus replication nor disease. However, cross-infection studies have demonstrated that pigs that are immune due to a prior infection with both H1N1 and H3N2 may develop immunity against H1N2 as well. Still regarding cross-protection, dually H1N1/H1N2 infected-immune pigs were experimentally shown to develop reliable immunity against H3N2. These data indicate that cross-protection against a distinct influenza virus subtype results are efficient following infection. In addition, other investigations showed that hemagglutination inhibition test (HI) can discriminate between H1N1, H3N2 and H1N2 subtypes without inducting serologic cross-reaction.
