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Bulletin No. 15 - Summer 2003
VirologySwine Influenza
LOEFFEN WLA, HEINEN PP, BIANCHI ATJ, HUNNEMAN WA, VERHEIJDEN JHM
Effect of maternally derived antibodies on the clinical signs and immune response in pigs after primary and secondary infection with an influenza H1N1 virus
Vet. Immunology and Immunopathology 2003 92: 23-35
This study included 40 piglets of which 20 were protected by maternally derived antibodies (MDA) against influenza H1N1 virus. The second half was MDA negative (MDA-). Twenty MDA positive (MDA+) piglets and ten MDA negative piglets were first inoculated with H1N1 virus at 7 weeks of age. The remaining 10 MDA negative piglets were first inoculated at 15 weeks of age while the other groups received their second inoculation at the same time. Clinical signs were recorded and virus isolation, antibody response and T-cell response were measured. The conclusions of the experiment were that clinical protection was effective in MDA+piglets but not complete as a short rise of body temperature was noted for them. They were also shown to excrete virus for a longer period than MDA-piglets. Moreover a delay in active immune response to primary infection was observed in MDA+piglets. Growth performance was significantly lower in MDA+piglets after the second inoculation until slaughter time (at 105 days). Clinical protection and active immunity are not so optimal in piglets protected by MDA compared to na?ve piglets.
