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Bulletin No. 15 - Summer 2003
VirologySwine Influenza
VAN REETH K, GREGORY V, HAY A, PENSAERT M
Protection against a European H1N2 swine influenza virus in pigs previously infected with H1N1 and/or H3N2 subtypes
Vaccine 2003 21: 1375-13
Cross protection against a new swine influenza virus H1N2 was studied with pigs previously immunized to H1N1 or H3N2 viruses. Inoculation of H1N1, H3N2 or both viruses at a 5 week interval was performed intranasally. An uninoculated group was kept as a control group. A last group was inoculated with H1N2. All groups immune to one virus at least were later challenged with H1N2 virus. Pigs were clinically monitored and serological assays (hemagglutination inhibition test + neuraminidase inhibition test + virus neutralisation) were carried out as well as virus titration. H1N2 immune pigs were fully protected against the challenge. Pigs immuned against both H1N1 and H3N2 showed no clinical signs and a small number of them were virus positive. Pigs immune to just one subtype (either H1N1 or H3N2) showed fever and respiratory signs and excreted H1N2 virus. Antibodies to the neuraminidase were recorded in all pigs, especially in H1N1+H3N2 immune pigs. Cross- protection was mainly observed in dually infected pigs.
