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Bulletin No. 22 - Summer 2005
VirologyClassical Swine Fever
ROSSI S, ARTOIS M, PONTIER D, CRUCIERE C, HARS J, BARRAT J, PACHOLEK X, FROMONT E
Long-term monitoring of classical swine fever in wild boar (Sus scrofa sp.) using serological data.
Veterinary Research, 2005, Volume 36, N°1, 27-42
In order to achieve a better control of the transmission of classical swine fever (CSF) from wild boars to domestic pigs and thus avoid heavy economic loss to the pork industry, the monitoring of CSF in the wild boar population has become mandatory in the European Community since 2001. The incidence of CSF is usually assessed using virus isolation but for several aspects this methods results unsatisfying (animals may die shortly after infection or develop an immune response that neutralizes the virus within a few weeks, young animals are poorly sampled) and leads to an underestimation of CSF incidence on a year basis. For this reason, the authors suggest that the detection of serum antibody levels is a more reliable and meaningful method to evaluate the evolution of CSF incidence in the wild boar population. The seroprevalence data analyzed in this study were collected in the Northeastern part of France (Vosges mountains) from 1992 to 2002. No young boar (aged more than 3 months) was found seropositive after 2000, suggesting that a decrease in CSF incidence had occurred in the following years and supporting the reliability of serology compared to virus isolation since CSF virus had not been detected since 1997. Therefore an annual monitoring of seroprevalence of antibody levels in young wild boars is strongly recommended by the authors. Serology allowed to obtain a better understanding of the spatiotemporal evolution of CSF incidence in wild boars than did virus isolation.
