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Bulletin No. 25 - Summer 2006
MiscelleanousViral Disease transmission
BUREAU M, DEA S, SIRARD MA
Evaluation of virus decontamination techniques for porcine embryos produced in vitro.
Theriogenology, 2005, Volume 63, N°9, 2343-2355
Embryos, produced in vitro, and in vitro or naturally infected with encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV), porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2), porcine parvovirus (PPV), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) were submitted to different decontamination procedures. Such viruses induce reproductive failures in pigs and even if they do not actually penetrate embryos until the blastocyst stage, they can bind the zona pellucida and achieve infection of recipients. Thus, appropriate decontamination treatments consisting in washing embryos before transfer must be designed so as to minimize the risk of virus transmission. The embryos used in these experiments had been either co-incubated with oviductal epithelial cells (OEC) or not. The enzymatic treatments were based on the use of trypsin or hyaluronidase as proteolytic agents in washing buffers. Following the various treatments, embryos were checked for the presence of viral nucleic acids by PCR or RT-PCR. All OEC-exposed embryos resulted non-contaminated whatever the treatment was, showing that oviductal secretions increase the efficacy of decontamination. Conversely, OEC-non-exposed embryos were all found contaminated except those treated with hyaluronidase, indicating that hyaluronidase removed more virions from the zona pellucida than trypsin did.
