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Bulletin No. 26 - Fall 2006
VirologyPorcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS)
CALZADA-NOVA G, HUSMANN R, SCHNITZLEIN W, ZUCKERMANN F
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus modulates the main innate immune function of porcine plasmacytoid dendritic cells.
American Association of Swine Veterinarians - Proceedings, 2006, 459-461
In case of viral infection, plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) secrete large amounts of IFNa which triggers antiviral IFNy secreting cells and thus takes part to the development of an efficient immune response. Previous studies have shown that PRRSV infection is associated with very low amounts or even a lack of IFNa in the lungs and plasma of PRRS affected pigs. This study, consisting of in vitro and in vivo observations, confirms that PRRSV impairs the production of IFNa and shows that the lack of IFNa is not due to a decrease in the population of pDC but to an actual inactivation of these cells by PRRSV, which takes place without pDC being infected by PRRSV. Once inactivated by PRRSV (wild type virus or commercial modified live PRRS vaccine), pDC even fail to respond to a other stimulations (RNA and DNA viruses) exposing animals to the risks of other viral infections.
