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Pig Journal Volume: 53
Publication date: May 2004

Refereed Section

ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE IN PORCINE BACTERIA IN ENGLAND AND WALES 1998-2002 - AN UPDATE
C.J. Teale

Abstract
Surveillance monitoring by the Veterinary Laboratories Agency (VLA) of the antimicrobial susceptibility of selected bacteria recovered from cases of clinical disease in pigs and other animals has been taking place since 1998. Moderate to high levels of resistance to macrolides, tetracyclines and sulphonamides have been detected over the monitoring period in a number of bacteria of porcine origin. There was a marked increase in resistance to trimethoprim/sulphonamides in Salmonella Typhimurium strains recovered from pigs in 2002. In 2001, parallel trends in increasing multiple resistance in Escherichia coli and Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae may have reflected the effects of infection of herds with PMWS and increased antimicrobial treatment. Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae isolates recovered from pigs showed a decline in resistance to tylosin, from 90% in 1999 to 59% in 2002 and this coincided with the period of withdrawal of tylosin as a growth promoter. The main resistances of concern to pig production from the animal health perspective remain resistance in Brachyspira hyodysenteriae and Salmonella enterica. Development or spread of resistance in strains of Salmonella enterica also carries significant public health implications. The UK pig industry needs to remain vigilant regarding the import of resistant strains of porcine bacteria into the UK. Even bacterial species that could be considered endemic to the UK (e.g. Streptococcus suis) could prove to be highly significant to UK pig production if the imported organisms carry resistance genes that are currently rare or absent from the bacteria currently found in UK pigs.

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