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Pig Journal Volume: 51
Publication date: June 2003

Refereed Section

GLOBAL PATTERNS OF PORCINE PROLIFERATIVE ENTEROPATHY
S. McOrist, D.E. Barcellos and R.J. Wilson

Abstract
Intensification has seen a worldwide increase in the incidence and severity of Lawsonia intracellularis infections. However, this may have been a simple switch from a chronic to a more acute form, possibly associated with a later onset of infection. The major increase in the 1970s was probably as a result of the increase in the acute haemorrhagic form.
     The disease is endemic, but not always visible. It may be more common in the USA and Northern Europe. White breed hybrid stock develop proliferative enteropathy more readily than Duroc-cross pigs. There are two basic patterns of infections. One is characterized by early infection. The other is when there is delayed infection and seen in farms with separation of pigs at weaning and all-in/all-out production. In sows, the infection may be sub-clinical as a "carrier" state. Age separation, particularly at weaning, and the status of the breeding pigs are the major factors identified in pathogenesis.
     Lawsonia now has its entire genome studied (Gebhart et al, 2003) and it is seen as a genetically and phenotypically monotypic organism with few, if any, sub-groups yet found.

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