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Pig Journal Volume: 49
Publication date: June 2002

Refereed Section

ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE IN PORCINE BACTERIA
by Chris Teale

Abstract
The emergence of bacteria in pigs that are resistant to antimicrobials may have important consequences for both human and animal health. The Veterinary Laboratories Agency (VLA) performs ongoing monitoring of the antimicrobial susceptibility of selected bacteria recovered from cases of clinical disease in pigs. In addition, surveys of the antimicrobial resistance of bacteria carried by pigs at the point of slaughter in Great Britain have been recently completed by the VLA. A feature of both these types of surveillance monitoring has been the moderate to high levels of resistance detected in a number of bacteria of porcine origin to macrolides, tetracyclines and sulphonamides.
     Therapeutic options are becoming limited for some bacteria from pigs; in particular some definitive types of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype Typhimurium show a wide spectrum of resistance. Strains of Brachyspira hyodysenteriae have also emerged that are resistant to many of the antimicrobials formerly useful in treatment. Amongst the commensal flora, Campylobacter coli with high levels of resistance to erythromycin and emergent resistance to ciprofloxacin have been detected in pigs at slaughter. It is unlikely that the therapeutic armoury of antimicrobials available for the treatment of pig diseases will increase significantly in the near future, therefore reliance on antimicrobials to maintain production systems with inherent husbandry faults is likely to be ultimately unsustainable.
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