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Pig Journal Volume: 46
Publication date: November 2000

Refereed Section

EVALUATION OF THERAPEUTIC REGIMENS FOR TREATING STREPTOCOCCUS SUIS SEROTYPE 14 MENINGITIS IN PIGS
S.F. Amass, B.D. Vyverberg, C.Anderson, C. Dowell, L.A. Grote, L.K. Clark, K.E. Knox and G.W. Stevenson

Abstract
Three therapeutic regimens were tested for their ability to treat meningitis in pigs caused by Streptococcus suis serotype 14. One hundred and ninety two, 10 to 13 day-old pigs were randomly allocated to 4 groups of 48 pigs each, transported to Purdue University, and placed in isolation rooms. At 11 to 17 days of age, pigs were inoculated intravenously with S. suis. Individual pigs exhibiting signs consistent with meningitis were treated using one of four protocols: (1) no treatment; (2) intramuscular (IM) injection with 25 mg ceftiofur, once per day (s.i.d.), for 3 consecutive days; (3) IM injection with 25 mg ceftiofur and 2 mg dexamethasone, s.i.d., for 3 consecutive days; or (4) IM injection with 250 mg ampicillin and 2 mg dexamethasone, s.i.d., for 3 consecutive days. Pigs were humanely euthanised at 7 days post-treatment or when moribund. Significantly more pigs treated with medication had a clinical score of "normal" on the day after the treatment regimen ended when compared to untreated control pigs (<0.007). However, there were no significant differences between groups for clinical recovery, mortality, or isolation of S. suis serotype 14 from cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) at 6 days post-treatment. These results indicate that a revision of standard therapeutic regimens is needed for treatment of streptococcal meningitis in pigs.

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