Update on Swine Enteric Coronavirus Disease in US

US - The number of pig farm samples that are confirmed positive for porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus (PEDV) in the last week was 26, two premises were confirmed with porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) but one had the dual infection (PEDV and PDCoV). The first PED-positive farm has been reported in Maryland.

27 April 2015

5 minute read

By: Jackie Linden

North America

For the latest week – 12 to 18 April – there were 26 new confirmed positive premises for PEDV and three presumed positive, according to the latest report from USDA Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS).

For the same period, two premises were confirmed and one presumed positive for PDCoV; one was confirmed positive but none presumed positive for the dual infection.

The total numbers of premises with confirmed positive status for the current week are 1,195, 55 and 46 for PEDV, PDCoV and the dual infection, respectively.

Since 5 June, for PEDV, there have been 1,274 confirmed positive premises, 424 presumed positive and 67 previously positive premises that have attained negative status.

For PDCoV, the total for the same period are 61, 29 and five, respectively. For the dual infection, the totals are 48, 27 and one, respectively.

Month	Nursery	Wean to finish	Farrow to finish	Finisher	Sow/ breeding	Un- known
Table 1. Number of swine enteric coronavirus disease (SECD) confirmed and presumptive positive premises by month and production class (includes PEDV, PDCoV and dual infections; confirmed/presumptive)
Jun-14	21 / 13	31 / 17	14 / 8	24 / 28	47 / 46	13 / 52
Jul-14	25 / 12	39 / 8	6 / 5	21 / 15	35 / 14	13 / 30
Aug-14	15 / 8	17 / 8	2 / 5	25 / 10	12 / 7	11 / 18
Sep-14	17 / 5	21 / 7	2 / 3	31 / 9	30 / 6	6 / 12
Oct-14	4 / 4	30 / 7	4 / 0	37 / 16	11 / 3	5 / 7
Nov-14	7 / 1	19 / 3	3 / 0	45 / 6	13 / 10	14 / 7
Dec-14	19 / 1	45 / 2	12 / 4	62 / 8	21 / 4	8 / 4
Jan-15	20 / 3	72 / 7	9 / 0	74 / 12	19 / 1	40 / 5
Feb-15	16 / 1	48 / 2	6 / 0	59 / 6	17 / 1	32 / 2
Mar-15	15 / 3	42/ 0	6 / 1	29 / 1	11 / 0	19 / 1
Apr-15	3 / 0	1/ 1	0 / 0	5 / 1	1 / 0	0 / 0
Total	162 / 51	365 / 62	64 / 26	412 / 112	217 / 92	162 / 137

	PEDV			PDCoV
Table 2. Biological accessions tested and number positive by month (since 5 June 2014)
Month	Tested	Positive	% positive	Tested	Positive	% positive
Total before 5 June 2014	21,128	6,976	33.0	2,172	260	12.0
Jun-14	2,768	407	14.7	824	80	9.7
Jul-14	3,555	410	11.5	1,195	46	3.8
Aug-14	3,095	312	10.1	1,193	18	1.5
Sep-14	3,143	261	8.3	1,338	11	0.8
Oct-14	3,304	299	9.0	1,899	19	1.0
Nov-14	2,505	305	12.2	1,555	30	1.9
Dec-14	3,237	446	13.8	1,982	50	2.5
Jan-15	3,089	500	16.2	1,845	44	2.4
Feb-15	2,981	461	15.5	1,802	49	2.7
Mar-15	3,303	597	18.1	1,896	58	3.1
Apr-15 to date	1,802	302	16.8	1,033	15	1.5
Total since Jun-14	32,800	4,306	13.1	16,595	424	2.6
Grand total	53,928	11,282	20.9	18,767	684	3.6

Figure 1. PED-positive biological accessions in the US, by week (since 5 June 2014)

Figure 2. PDCoV-positive biological accessions in the US, by week (since 5 June 2014)

Location of Positive Premises

PEDV

There are currently 33 states with at least one confirmed positive case of PEDV.

Maryland has reported its first positive result in this week's report.

For the current week (12 April), there were 113 PEDV-positive laboratory accessions, bringing the total since 5 June 2014 to 4,308. Iowa reported 39 of these new cases, North Carolina 25 and Missouri 13.

Also reporting positive results in this most recent week were Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Nebraska, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas, Utah and "unknown".

Figure 3. PEDV: Cumulative confirmed and presumptive PEDV-positive premises since 5 June 2014

PDCoV

There are currently 19 states with at least one confirmed positive case of PDCoV.

For the current week (12 April), there were four PDCoV-positive laboratory accessions, bringing the total since 5 June 2014 to 421. There was one positive premises in each of the following states: Illinois, Indiana, Minnesota and North Carolina.

Figure 4. PDCoV: Cumulative confirmed and presumptive PDCoV-positive premises since 5 June 2014

Dual infection with PEDV and PDCoV

There are currently 14 states with one or more confirmed positive cases of the dual infection with both PEDV and PDCoV.

Most-affected states with the dual infection are Iowa and Minnesota, with 19 and 10 confirmed positive results, respectively. APHIS has not updated the table giving the location of the new positive results this week.